Pdocast #4 Typography

Define typography? 
The art and technique of expressing ideas through the selection of appropriate typefaces.
Where did the word "typography" originate from?
Typo-writing graphy-form (Greek)
What does typography involve? 
A selection of appropriate fonts, sizes, lines, etc. 
What is a typeface? 
Distinctive designs of visual symbols that aew used to compose a printed image/design.
What is another term for typeface?
Fonts 
What is a character? 
Individual symbols that make up a typeface.
What is type style? 
Bold, italic, condensed, extended, roman, etc.
What does type style "create" within a design?
Design variety while maintaining the visual style of the typeface.  
What is the waist line and what does it indicate?
The imaginary line drawn at the middle of characters.
What is a base line and what does it indicate? 
The imaginary line drawn at the bottom of characters.
What is an ascender? 
The part of the character that extends above the waist line.
What is a descender? 
The part of the character that extends below the waist line.
Describe a serif? 
The smaller line used to finish off a main stroke of a letter, usually at the top and bottom of a character.
How can the size of the typeface be identified? 
By using point size= the vertical measurement used to identify the size of a typeface. It measures from the top of the ascender to the bottom of the descender.
What is a point? 
The unit used to measure point size.
How many points are in an inch?
72
What is a pica and how many are in an inch?
A unit of measure typical for designing newspapers.
How many points are in a pica?
6 
What is body type and where can it be found? 
The type sizes that range from 4 pt through 12 pt type. They are found in places where there is a lot of text to be read.
What is the key to selecting appropriate typefaces to be used as body type?
It depends on how much space there is and where it is placed. 
What is display type and how is it used? 
The type sizes above 12 pt. They are found in headlines,subheads, etc.
What is reverse type and when would it be used? 
The white type on a solid black or darker colored background.
What is a typeface classification? 
A basic system for classifying typefaces was devised in the 19th century when printers sought to identify a heritage for their own craft.
When was Blackletter invented and how was it used? 
Invented in the mid 1400s. It was used with the inventions of the printing press.
Describer the characteristics of a Blackletter typeface? 
Blackletter typefaces resemble the calligraphy of the time and are highly ornamental with elaborate thick to thin strokes.
When was Old Style invneted and what was is based on? 
It was based on ancient Roman inscriptions and created to replace Blackletter typefaces.
Describe the characteristics of an Old Style typeface? 
They have wedge-shaped, angled serifs and a low contrast of their thick/thin strokes.
When were formal scripts developed? 
17th and 18th centuries.
When were casual scripts developed? 
20th century.
Describe the characteristics of a Script typeface? 
They are based on forms made with flexible brushes or pens and have varied strokes reminiscent of handwriting.
When was Modern typefaces developed and why? 
Developed in the late 18th and 19th centuries as a radical break from traditional typography of the time.
Describe the characteristics of a Modern typeface? 
They have a sharp contrast between thick and thin strokes and have thin, flat serifs.
How early can Sans Serif typefaces be found? What happened?
5th century. The Italian Renaissance return to Old Style made the Sans Serif classification obsolete in the 20th century.
When did they become popular? 
1920s.
What does "sans serif" mean? 
Without serifs.
Describe the characteristics of a Sans Serif typeface? 
Its strokes are uniform in weight and have a monotone appearance.
When was Slab Serif developed and why?
19th century for advertising purposes.
Describe the characteristics of a Slab Serif typeface?
It has a uniform line weight and thicker, square serifs.
Describe Decorative typefaces?
They include a variety of typefaces and are typically those that don't belong to other classifications.
Why were they developed?
To make things more fun, interesting.
What are they best used for?
Larger point sizes, or display type.